What does the Bible say about Purgatory?
Bible Purgatory
Question: âWhat does the Bible say about Purgatory?â
Answer: According to the Catholic Encyclopedia, Purgatory is âa place or condition of temporal punishment for those who, departing this life in Godâs grace, are not entirely free from venial faults, or have not fully paid the satisfaction due to their transgressions.â To summarize, in Catholic theology Purgatory is a place that a Christianâs soul goes to after death to be cleansed of the sins that had not been fully satisfied during life. Is this doctrine of Purgatory in agreement with the Bible? Absolutely not!
Jesus died to pay the penalty for all of our sins (Romans 5:8). Isaiah 53:5 declares, âBut He was pierced for our transgressions, He was crushed for our iniquities; the punishment that brought us peace was upon Him, and by His wounds we are healed.â Jesus suffered for our sins so that we could be delivered from suffering. To say that we must also suffer for our sins is to say that Jesusâ suffering was insufficient. To say that we must atone for our sins by cleansing in Purgatory is to deny the sufficiency of the atoning sacrifice of Jesus (1 John 2:2). The idea that we have to suffer for our sins after death is contrary to everything the Bible says about salvation.
The primary Scriptural passage Catholics point to for evidence of Purgatory is 1 Corinthians 3:15, which says, âIf it is burned up, he will suffer loss; he himself will be saved, but only as one escaping through the flames.â The passage (1 Corinthians 3:12-15) is using an illustration of things going through fire as a description of believersâ works being judged. If our works are of good quality âgold, silver, costly stones,â they will pass through the fire unharmed, and we will be rewarded for them. If our works are of poor quality âwood, hay, and straw,â they will be consumed by the fire, and there will be no reward. The passage does not say that believers pass through the fire, but rather that a believerâs works pass through the fire. 1 Corinthians 3:15 refers to the believer âescaping through the flames,â not âbeing cleansed by the flames.â
Purgatory, like many other Catholic dogmas, is based on a misunderstanding of the nature of Christâs sacrifice. Catholics view the Mass / Eucharist as a re-presentation of Christâs sacrifice because they fail to understand that Jesusâ once-for-all sacrifice was absolutely and perfectly sufficient (Hebrews 7:27). Catholics view meritorious works as contributing to salvation due to a failure to recognize that Jesusâ sacrificial payment has no need of additional âcontributionâ (Ephesians 2:8-9). Similarly, Purgatory is understood by Catholics as a place of cleansing in preparation for heaven because they do not recognize that because of Jesusâ sacrifice, we are already cleansed, declared righteous, forgiven, redeemed, reconciled, and sanctified.
The very idea of Purgatory and the doctrines that are often attached to it (prayer for the dead, indulgences, meritorious works on behalf of the dead, etc.) fail to recognize that Jesusâ death was sufficient to pay the penalty for ALL of our sins. Jesus, who was God incarnate (John 1:1, 14), paid an infinite price for our sin. Jesus died for our sins (1 Corinthians 15:3). Jesus is the atoning sacrifice for our sins (1 John 2:2). To limit Jesusâ sacrifice to atoning for original sin or sins committed before salvation is an attack on the Person and Work of Jesus Christ. If we must, in order to be saved, pay for, atone for, or suffer because of our sins, then Jesusâ death was not a perfect, complete, and sufficient sacrifice.
For believers, after death is to be âaway from the body and at home with the Lordâ (2 Corinthians 5:6-8; Philippians 1:23). Notice that this does not say âaway from the body, in Purgatory with the cleansing fire.â No, because of the perfection, completion, and sufficiency of Jesusâ sacrifice, we are immediately in the Lordâs presence after death, fully cleansed, free from sin, glorified, perfected, and ultimately sanctified.