A puzzling question about time-keeping in the first century

Thanks for your most thorough review.

One more thing to ponder may be reflection of each of our’s own subsequent birthday’s:

Consider how cost of insurance often increases on annual life insurance premiums as the policyholder ages. For example, if one’s birthday is January 1, 1960, they turned 60 years old this past New Year’s Day 2020. The increase in pricing goes into effect for the underlying cost of insurance for the next 12 consecutive months.

However, technically for those whose birthday is that same exact day you are also actually starting your 61st year of life (from outside the womb). Yet the simple math, precisely at 12 midnight you are for at least insurance pricing purposes often considered a full year younger of age 60; that being your “attained” age.

Perhaps choose to apply basic arithmetic here too?

After all 6 + 6 = 12 - back then and still applies today.

And again, science continues to also show spring equinox in Northern Hemisphere has precisely 12 hours of daylight. And no empirical evidence to the contrary of an evolution/change today from back then in sunlight patterns either, i…e. thus on the particular day Christ allegedly died the daylight ended and darkness started at precisely 6PM.

Mark specifically says, "As the sixth hour was arriving (genomenEs de hOras hektEs) darkness came over the land until the ninth hour (eOs hOras ennetEs). " Mr. 15:33
This specifically sets the beginning of that darkness as very soon after 11am. It could have ended any time during the ninth hour, which was between 2 and 3 pm.

Matthew is compatible with Mark. But Matthew adds that Jesus final drink of vinegar occurred “at about (peri) the ninth hour”, near the beginning of the ninth or just before it, around 2 pm.

It’s a reminder that biblical traditions, such as the three hours of darkness on Good Friday from midday until 3 pm are not necessarily correct, but the received text of the Bible itself must be the final authority.

This quibbling over semantics the operative word of “arriving” seems to be petty.

Christianity religions widely go with HIS 3pm death.

Thoroughly enjoyed doing the research and discussing this one hour disparity.